نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی
نویسنده
بوعلی سینا
چکیده
هر چند مفهوم «آثار جانبی» ماهیتاً در بستر مباحث اقتصادی قرار می‌گیرد، اما مناسبت اصلی آن در رشته حقوق، بدان سبب است که این مقوله با مفاهیم «مالکیت و مسئولیت» اشخاص، پیوند می‌خورد و مفهوم «هزینه‌های جانبی» از مصادیق بارز مسئولیت اشخاص است که لازم است برای اقتصادی‌سازی ابزارهای مقابله با آن تمهیداتی اندیشید. مقاله حاضر از روش توصیفی‌ـ‌تحلیلی پیروی می‌کند. نتایج تحقیق نشانگر آن است: هر چند قانون مذکور، مهم‌ترین اقدام از طرف قانون‌گذار در خصوص شناسایی آثار جانبی منفی در نظام حقوقی ایران است، اما باید گفت که اولاً در این قانون، مفهوم مسئولیت بر مبنای مسئولیت مبتنی بر تقصیر تعبیر گردیده و درنتیجه متضررین از آثار جانبی منفی تکلیف شاق و گاه ناممکنی جهت اثبات «سببیت» خواهند داشت. ثانیاً قانون‌گذار می‌بایست با فهم واقعیات جدید زندگی اجتماعی، تمهیداتی برای اقتصادی‌سازی ابزارها و به‌کارگیری ابزارهای جدید مقابله با هزینه‌های جانبی می‌اندیشید. ثالثاً شایسته بود قانون‌گذار با استفاده از شاه‌کلید «بازیافت»، برای تبدیل پسماند از «زباله» به «کالای اقتصادی» از ابزارهای متناسبی استفاده کند.
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