نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 تهران

2 دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

به گزارش سازمان تجارت جهانی، ایران دارای 221 قلم کالای صادراتی می‌باشد که دراین میان نفت مهمترین کالا به شمار می‌رود و بیش از 80 درصد درآمدهای صادرات ایران از محل نفت تامین می‌شود. علیرغم تلاش برای داشتن اقتصاد غیرنفتی، به عقیده کارشناسان جایگاه کالاهای نفتی هنوز غیرقابل انکار است و در این میان اساسی ترین حوزه مربوط به صادرات و واردات نفت بوده لذا ‌‌چگونگی حضور درعرصه تجارت بین الملل بیش از هر چیزی متأثر از رژیم حقوقی حاکم بر این موضوع می‌باشد. از سوی دیگر از آنجاکه نفت پیش از آنکه کالای اقتصادی باشد کالای سیاسی است اهمیت بررسی این موضوع دو چندان می‌شود.
در این مقاله تلاش شده تا با استفاده از منابع علمی و با روشی کیفی ضمن بررسی رژیم حقوقی ایران در زمینه صادرات و واردات کالای مورد بحث، مقررات جاری گمرکی در کشورهای دیگر به منظور استفاده از بهترین سیستم‌ها مورد بررسی قرارگیرد. ضمناً پیشنهادهایی جهت رفع مشکلات موجود بمنظور دستیابی به الگوی مناسب در صادرات و واردات این کالاها با نگاهی به نظریه مزیت نسبی در تجارت بین الملل از طریق تحلیل شرایط موجود ارائه گردیده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

[1] Applicationmanuel for importing petroleum exports and pecialists، petroleumCoordination and Facilitation Group Petroleum Concession Division Department of Mineral Fuels September, 2011.
[2] Banai˒ Reza˒ Sarmadi˒ Mostafa. (2012). International customs terms˒ Printing and Trading Company. (in Persian)
[3] Banai˒ Reza. (2011). How to Separate Non-oil Petroleum of oil Petroleum Export˒ Major and Research Quarterly ˒year16˒ No 61. (in Persian)
[4] Behkish˒ Mohamad Mehdi. (2011). Iran's economy in the context of globalization˒Ney Publishing. (in Persian)
[5] Cordesman, Anthony H. US Oil and Gas Import Dependence: Department of Energy Projections in 2011, http://uk. practicallaw. com2013. Importing into the United States A Guide for CommerciImportershttp://search. cbp. gov/query. html)، Revised November 2011.
[6] Dayel˒ Farzaneh. (2012). A look at the provisions of the laws of the fourth and fifth programs of economic development in the oil sector˒ Economical magazine˒year 12˒NO3. (in Persian)
[7] Ebrahimi˒ Seyed Nasrollah. (2012). The criticisms made by the Iranian oil and gas industry about the buy back contracts and its responses˒ Quarterly Journal of Law˒ Faculty of Law and Political Science NO 42, Issue 4. (in Persian)
[8] Ebrahimi˒ Seyed Nasrollah. (2012). The status of Iran in regional and international engagement in the twenty years perspective of the country˒ Islamic state, Islamic thought and political jurisprudence, No. 38, Year 10, Number Four. (in Persian)
[9] Esfidani˒ Mohamad Rahim. (2012). Single commercial window˒ Publications of the Institute for Business Studies and Research. (in Persian)
[10] Farzaneghan˒ Mohamad Reza. (2012). Investigating the Caspian oil transit to world markets˒ Quarterly Journal of Energy Economics. (in Persian)
[11] Ghandaghi˒Mohsen. (2013). How to export oil products to the OPEC member countries?
[12] World Energy Quarterly˒No 4. (in Persian)
[13] Habibi baghi˒Mohsen. (2011). Attend the World Trade Organization and the oil-dependent economies˒ Quarterly Journal of Energy Economics˒ year 8˒ NO 28. (in Persian)
[14] Heidarimotlagh˒Raziyeh. (2011). Requirements for import management in the country˒ Economic Journal of Economical Issues and Policy Survey˒ NO 1.2. (in Persian)
[15] Independent statistic and analysis U.S energy information administration country analysis brief: Russia،last updated:oct 25، 2016).
[16] Khuhestani Pajhuh˒Rasul. (2011). The system of determining the value of goods imported in the customs˒Ghanun Publishing˒first editing. (in Persian)
[17] Mirtorabi˒Saied˒Rabii˒Esmaili. (2012). Iranian capabilities and vulnerabilities in the oil sector˒ Quarterly journal of political and international research Islamic Azad University of Shahreza ˒NO 11. (in Persian)
[18] Norwegian oil and gas partners. (2012) (INTSOK)،How to do business in the oil and gas and martime industry in BRAZIL،.
[19] Ratmal˒Andru. (2011). New Security System in the Persian Gulf˒ Strategic Studies Institute˒, Strategic Reporting NO 172-1-2-2. (in Persian)
[20] Shana News Agency. (2013). The 100-day report on the country's oil products distribution will soon be announced. (in Persian)
[21] Shiravi˒A Bdolhosein. (2012). international commercial law˒ Publishing Samt. (in Persian)
[22] Shiravi˒A Bdolhosein. (2014). Oil and gas law˒ Second Edition, Legal Foundation. (in Persian)
[23] Saber˒Mohamad Reza. (2011). Buy back in upstream of oil and gas˒Dadgostar Publishing. (in Persian)
[24] Safsdel˒Hamid. (2012). Tehran Economic Experts Workshop˒ Iran Development and Trade Organization. (in Persian)
[25] Secretariat of the Presidential Economic. (2012). Supporting report on the economic development plan in the customs system. (in Persian)
[26] SAUDI ARABI، CUSTOMS TARIFF؛Common Customs Law of the Cooperation Council،2011.
[27] Tarem sari˒Masoud. (2012). Incoterms2010˒ Institute for Business Studies and Research. (in Persian)
CAPTCHA Image