بررسی تأثیر شخصیت مجرمین یقه سفید در پیش‌بینی دادرسی افتراقی جرایم اقتصادی (تحلیل نگرش نخبگان جامعه)

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• صادق صفری ¹
• دکتر عبدالرضا جوان جعفری ²
• سیدمهدی سیدزاده ¹

¹ دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

² فردوسی مشهد

10.22067/economlaw.2023.80189.1242

چکیده

در خصوص رسیدگی به جرایم اقتصادی، دادگاه‌های ویژه رسیدگی به جرایم اخلالگران در نظام اقتصادی کشور از سال 1397 در تعدادی از استان‌های کشور تشکیل شدند. قواعد دادرسی پیش‌بینی شده برای این دادگاه‌ها، در بسیاری از موارد با اصول و مبانی دادرسی معمول در رسیدگی به سایر جرایم مغایر است. به نظر می‌رسد یکی از دلایل توجیهی تشکیل چنین محاکمی، شخصیت مجرمین اقتصادی است که روند رسیدگی به پرونده‌های کلان اقتصادی در دادگاه‌های عادی را با چالش مواجه می-نماید. نویسندگان در این نوشتار نگرش سه گروه از نخبگان جامعه را در خصوص تأثیر شخصیت مجرمین یقه سفید در پیش‌بینی دادرسی افتراقی در این دادگاه‌ها مورد بررسی قرار دادند. تعداد 158 نفر از اساتید رشته حقوق، 312 نفر از وکلای دادگستری و 421 نفر قضات به عنوان نمونه آماری به روش قضاوتی انتخاب شدند. پرسشنامه این پژوهش به صورت محقق ساخته با سؤالاتی به صورت پاسخ بسته و با الهام از طیف 5 گزینه‌ای لیکرت طراحی شد و داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 22 مورد تجزیه تحلیل و آزمون(کروسکال-والیس) قرار گرفت. نتیجه حاصل از پژوهش صورت گرفته نشان داد که از میان گروه‌های آماری، قضات بیش از سایر گروه‌های نخبگان، قائل به تأثیر شخصیت مجرمین اقتصادی در پیش‌بینی دادرسی افتراقی جرایم اقتصادی بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• اخلال در نظام اقتصادی
• جرایم آقا زاده‌ها
• جرایم اقتصادی
• دادرسی افتراقی
• مجرم یقه سفید

مراجع

•  

  References

  • Ahmadi, Mohammad Aref. (2017). Fair Trial. Tehran: Mizan Publishing. (In Persian).
  • Ackerman, Susan Rose. (2006). Corruption and government: causes, consequences and reform. Translated by Manouchehr Sabouri, first edition, Tehran: Pardis Danesh Publishing. (In Persian).
  • Bagherinejad, Zaiynab. (2015). Principles of criminal procedure. First edition, Tehran: Khorsandi Publications. (In Persian).
  • Benson, Michael L; Simpson, Sally S. (2012). White collar crimes are an opportunistic approach. Translated by Esmail Rahiminejad, first edition, Tehran: Mizan Publishing. (In Persian).
  • Bahremand, Hamid. (2019). Corruption. In: Encyclopaedia of Economic Criminal Sciences, edited by Amir Hasan Niazpour, second edition, Tehran: Mizan Publishing. (In Persian).
  • Bahremand, Hamid. (2018). Economic crime in Iranian law: from definition to answers. In: Collection of National Selected Papers of Iran's Criminal Policy Conference on Economic Crimes, by Amir Hassan Niazpour, first edition, Tehran: Mizan Publishing. (In Persian).
  • Pakniyat, Mostafa. (2014). Differentiation of criminal procedure; Foundations and works. Doctoral thesis, criminal law and criminology, Faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University. (In Persian).
  • Saffari Khozani, Hamid. (2011). The position of specialized authorities in the evolution of the criminal justice system of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Master's thesis in Criminal Law and Criminology, Faculty of Law and Islamic Studies, Imam Sadigh University. (In Persian).
  • Pakniyat, Mostafa. (2017). Differentiation of criminal proceedings, Tehran: Mizan Publications. (In Persian).
  • Tadayon, Abbas; Bagherinejad, Zaiynab. (2019). Principles governing economic criminal proceedings. In: Encyclopaedia of Economic Criminal Sciences, edited by Amir Hasan Niazpour, second edition, Tehran: Mizan Publishing. (In Persian).
  • Hatmi, Iman. (2021). Economic crimes in Iran, First edition, Tehran: Jungle Publications. (In Persian).
  • Khezri, Mohammad. (2005). Rent-seeking economy, First edition, Tehran: Publications of Management and Planning Organization. (In Persian).
  • Rizvani, Seyed Jalil. (2020). Economic crimes, first edition, Mashhad: Avai Hekmat Publications. (In Persian).
  • Zeraat, Abbas. (2012). Economic criminal law, Tehran: Jungle Publications . (In Persian).
  • Dadgaran, Seyed Mohammad. (2012). Public opinion and its measurement criteria, 9th edition, Tehran: Marwarid Publications. (In Persian).
  • Saki, Mohammad Reza. (2017). Economic criminal law. 4th edition, Tehran, Jangal Javadane Publications. (In Persian).
  • Salimi, Ali and Davari, Mohammad. (2012). Sociology of Kejrovi, 5th edition, Tehran: Hozha and University Research Press. (In Persian).
  • Siah Bedi Kermanshahi, Saeed; Rahimi Niyat, Iman; Malekzadeh Roudbane, Reyhane. (2018). Economic criminal law, Tehran: Jungle Javadane Publications. (In Persian).
  • Shaiker, David. (2014). The concept and nature of punishment, Translated by Hossein Aghaei Jannet Makan, second edition, Tehran: Jangal Publications, Javadane. (In Persian).
  • Sadeghi, Mohsen. (2005). Legal principles and its place in subject law, first edition, Tehran: Mizan publication. (In Persian).
  • Sadri, Ahmed (2011). Max Weber's Sociology of Intellectuals, Translated by Hasan Abaniki. Second edition, Tehran: Kavir Publications. (In Persian).
  • Ghourchibaigi, Majid. (2018). Responding to economic crimes: from criminal strategies to economic regulatory rights. In: Collection of National Selected Papers of Iran's Criminal Policy Conference on Economic Crimes, by Amir Hassan Niazpour, first edition, Tehran: Mizan Publishing. (In Persian).
  • Ghourchibaigi, Majid. (2019). White collar crimes. In: Encyclopaedia of Economic Criminal Sciences, edited by Amir Hasan Niazpour, second edition, Tehran: Mizan Publishing. (In Persian).
  • Kabiri, Sohail; Shafii Khorshidi, Ali Asghar. (2018). Disruption in the economic system of the country, First edition, Tehran: Majd Publications . (In Persian).
  • Gassen, Raymond. (2014). Criminology of economic crime (general theory of fraud), Translated by Shahram Ebrahimi. Third edition, Tehran: Mizan Publishing. (In Persian).
  • Laki, Zaiynab. (2019). Special judicial complex for economic crimes. In: Encyclopaedia of Economic Criminal Sciences, edited by Amir Hasan Niazpour, second edition, Tehran: Mizan Publishing. (In Persian).
  • Mohseni, Farid. (2019). Economic crime. In: Encyclopaedia of Economic Criminal Sciences, edited by Amir Hasan Niazpour, second edition, Tehran: Mizan Publishing. (In Persian).
  • Mohseni, Manouchehr. (2011). Sociology of social deviations, Second edition, Tehran: Tahori Publications . (In Persian).
  • Mahdavipour, Azam. (2016). Differential criminal policy in the realm of economic crime, Second edition, Tehran: Mizan publication. (In Persian).
  • Muezzin Zadegan, Hassan Ali. (2019). Publication of the sentence of economic convicts. In: Encyclopaedia of Economic Criminal Sciences, edited by Amir Hasan Niazpour, second edition, Tehran: Mizan Publishing. (In Persian).
  • Mirkhalili, Seyed Mahmoud; Hassani, Jalaluddin. (2019). Red collar crimes. In: Encyclopaedia of Economic Criminal Sciences, edited by Amir Hasan Niazpour, second edition, Tehran: Mizan Publishing. (In Persian).
  • Nazari, Hamed. (2018). Sociology of punishment, First edition, Tehran: Aron Publications. (In Persian).
  • Noorzad, Mojtaba. (2010). Economic crimes in Iranian criminal law, First edition, Tehran: Jangul Javdaneh Publications. (In Persian).
  • Niazpour, Amirhasan. (2013). Agreement on criminal procedure, Second edition, Tehran: Mizan Publishing. (In Persian).
  • Niazpour, Amirhasan. (2019). Economic criminal procedure, First edition, Tehran: Mizan Publishing. (In Persian).
  • Varvaei, Akbar; Hariri, Mehdi. (2016). A fair and just trial, First edition, Tehran: Ariyadad Publishing. (In Persian).
  • Ebrahimi, Shahram; Sadegh Nejad Naini, Majid. (2013). Criminological analysis of economic crimes. Journal of Criminal Law Research, 2(5),147-174. (In Persian).
  • Omedi, Jalil; Atofat, Hosseinali. (2015). “Public execution of punishment: justifications and consequences”, journal of criminal law and criminology studies, 2(4-5), 213-236. (In Persian).
  • Omedi, Jalil; Nakoi, Samia. (2008). “Definition and basics of public criminal proceedings”, journal of humanities teacher, 12(3), 23-37. (In Persian).
  • Azarbaijani, Alireza. (2010). “Analysis of the methods and bases of reference to laws and sharia in the prosecutor's office and special courts of the clergy”, Journal of Private Law Quarterly, 7(17), 59-78. (In Persian).
  • Pourhosseini, Mohammadjavad; Qureshi, Seyyed Mehdi and Javadi, Mohammad Hassan. (2017). “Examining the public execution of punishments from the perspective of criminology and the opinions of jurists”, Journal of Islamic Law Research, 18(1), 159-184. (In Persian).
  • Tavajohi, Abdolali; Dehghani, Ali. (2013). “In the controversy of securityism and fair trial standards”, Journal of Criminal Law Research, 2(3),7-34. (In Persian).
  • Janston, Jery. (2011). “Penal policy: elitist, populist or participatory”, Translated by Behrooz Javanmard, Excellence in Law Journal, (11), 73-104. (In Persian).
  • Javanjafari, Abdolreza; Sadati, Seyed Mohammadjavad. (2015). ” The concept of power in criminal sociology”, Journal of Criminal Law Research, 3(11),9-38. (In Persian).
  • Hassani, Jaffar; Mehra, Nasrin. (2015). “A critique on the concept of "economic crime" in the Islamic Penal Code approved in 2012”, Journal of criminal law and criminology studies, 2(2-3), 45-69. (In Persian).
  • Darroudi, Ali. (2001). “Examining Iran's current policy towards consumer protection and competition”, Research Center of the Ministry of Commerce. (In Persian).
  • Rahmanian, Hamed; Habibzadeh, Mohammadjafar. (2013). “Criminal instrumentalism: scope, concept, indicators”, Journal of Criminal Law Research, 2(5), 47-71. (In Persian).
  • Shams Nateri, Mohammadebrahim; Tavasolizadeh, Touran. (2011). “State prevention of economic crimes”, Journal of Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, 41(4), 199-217. (In Persian).
  • Abbasi, Nikzad; Varvaei, Akbar. (2018). “Investigating and criticizing the effects of the emergence of differential proceedings for delinquent children and juveniles in the Criminal Procedure Law approved in 2012”, journal of Social Order Research, 10(4), 171-190. (In Persian).
  • Attarnia, Hamed; Goldoust Jouibari, Rajab and Ardebili, Mohammadali. (2017). “Analysis and criticism of the differential nature of military proceedings”, Iranian and international legal research, 10(37), 205-240. (In Persian).
  • Komaijani, Aliakbar. (1994). “The first program and portfolio of large projects”, Magazine and research publication, 9(2), 135-155. (In Persian).
  • Koosha, Jaffar. (2001). “Interpretations of economic criminal law” Master course of Mashhad Razavi University of Sciences, second semester. (In Persian).
  • Moghimi, Mahdi. (2017). Legal-criminological study of economic crimes (with emphasis on national and transnational prevention strategies). journal of police knowledge research, 19, 69-93. (In Persian).
  • Moghadasi, Mohammadbagher; Farajiha, Mohammad. (2013). “Features of populist criminal policies; Comparative study”, Journal of Comparative Law Studies, 4(2), 137-155. (In Persian).
  • Mirkamali, seyed Alireza; Hossaini, Ensiah. (2016). “Children's differential proceedings in the criminal procedure law of 2012”, Journal of Criminal Law Research, 7(2), 245-272. (In Persian).